B12 Deficiency
Energy and neurological implications.
Ranked by evidence strength across reported benefits.
Creatine Monohydrate
The most-studied and effective ergogenic aid — replenishes ATP via the phosphocreatine system.
Omega-3 (EPA/DHA)
Marine long-chain omega-3s — the most-studied anti-inflammatory and cardiovascular nutrient.
Coffee
Caffeine + polyphenol matrix with strong evidence for mortality and T2D reduction.
Vitamin B12
Essential cobalamin for methylation, red blood cell formation, and myelin maintenance.
L-Theanine
Calm focus — alpha-wave amino acid from green tea that takes the edge off caffeine.
Caffeine
Adenosine antagonist with strong evidence for cognitive and physical performance.
Hydroxocobalamin (B12)
Long-acting injectable form of B12 — used clinically for deficiency and cyanide poisoning.
Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)
Cofactor for carbohydrate metabolism and nerve conduction.
Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)
Cofactor for >100 enzymes including neurotransmitter synthesis.
Iron
Oxygen-carrying mineral central to hemoglobin and cellular respiration.
Beetroot Juice
Dietary nitrate source improving NO production, BP, and endurance performance.
Methylfolate (L-5-MTHF)
Bioactive folate that bypasses the MTHFR enzyme — preferred in MTHFR variants and pregnancy.
Creatine Monohydrate
Gold-standard creatine form — the most studied supplement in sports science.
Mucuna Pruriens (Velvet Bean)
Natural L-DOPA source studied for Parkinson's, libido, and fertility.
Piracetam (Cognitive)
Original racetam used for cortical excitability disorders.
Nicotinamide Riboside (NR)
NAD+ precursor with bioavailability and longevity research interest.
NMN
NAD+ precursor similar to NR; bioavailability route debated.
B-Complex (Drinking Recovery)
Alcohol depletes B1, B6, folate — repletion supports neurological recovery.
Methylcobalamin (B12)
Active methyl-form of B12 — directly usable in the methylation cycle.
Nicotinamide Riboside (NR)
NAD+ precursor that bypasses the flush — studied for cellular aging.
Bacopa Monnieri
Ayurvedic nootropic with strong evidence for memory consolidation over 8–12 weeks.
Algal Omega-3 (Vegan EPA/DHA)
Plant-based EPA and DHA from microalgae for vegan diets.
Modafinil (Rx note)
Wakefulness-promoting Rx — listed for reference; not a supplement.
Choline Bitartrate
Affordable choline source — supports phospholipid synthesis and methylation.
Bacopa Monnieri
Ayurvedic nootropic with strong evidence for memory and recall after chronic dosing.
Omega-3 (rTG form)
Re-esterified triglyceride EPA/DHA — ~70% better absorption than ethyl ester form.
Algal Omega-3 (DHA/EPA)
Plant-source DHA (and some EPA) from cultivated marine algae — vegan alternative to fish oil.
Ferrous Sulfate
Standard low-cost iron salt — effective but commonly causes GI side effects.
Heme Iron Polypeptide
Animal-source heme iron — absorbed via separate receptor, unaffected by phytates/calcium.
Ubiquinone (CoQ10)
Standard oxidized CoQ10 — cheaper and effective in younger adults who can readily reduce it.
Idebenone
Synthetic CoQ10 analog with better water solubility; used in LHON.
Guanfacine (Ref)
α2A-agonist reference drug for prefrontal focus and ADHD.
DHA (Prenatal)
Critical fatty acid for fetal brain and retinal development.
ALA (R-isomer)
Natural enantiomer of α-lipoic acid with better bioavailability.
Coenzyme Q10
Mitochondrial electron carrier and lipid-soluble antioxidant.
L-Carnitine
Shuttles long-chain fatty acids into mitochondria for β-oxidation.
Maca
Andean root associated with libido improvement and energy without hormone changes.
Rhodiola Rosea
Arctic adaptogen — reduces fatigue and improves mental performance under stress.
Curcumin
Yellow polyphenol from turmeric — anti-inflammatory and joint-supportive when properly bioavailable.
Choline
Essential nutrient for cell membranes, methylation, and acetylcholine synthesis.
Panax Ginseng
Adaptogenic ginseng studied for fatigue, cognition, and erectile function.
American Ginseng
Cooler adaptogen with stronger evidence for blood sugar and cold-flu prevention.
Mucuna Pruriens
Natural L-DOPA source studied for mood, libido, and Parkinson's.
Phosphatidylserine (PS)
Phospholipid that supports cognition and may blunt cortisol response to stress.
Ubiquinol (CoQ10)
Reduced active form of CoQ10 — preferred in adults over 40 and those with statin-induced depletion.
Salvia officinalis (Sage)
Culinary sage with cholinergic and anti-hyperhidrosis effects.
Alpha-GPC
Bioavailable choline source studied for cognition and acute power output.
Taurine
Conditionally essential amino acid involved in bile salt conjugation, osmoregulation, and cardiac function.
Ginkgo Biloba
Vasoactive herb studied for cognition in the elderly and tinnitus.
Gotu Kola
Adaptogen used for cognitive support, anxiety, and wound healing.
Shilajit
Himalayan mineral exudate rich in fulvic acid, studied for testosterone and fatigue.
Citicoline (CDP-Choline)
Phospholipid precursor with cytidine bonus — supports membranes and dopamine.
Maca (Lepidium meyenii)
Andean root traditionally used for libido and fertility — non-hormonal mechanism.
Rhodiola Rosea
Arctic adaptogen for mental fatigue, burnout, and stress resilience.
Ginkgo Biloba
Vasodilatory leaf extract for cognition and microcirculation.
Magnesium L-Threonate
Magnesium bound to L-threonic acid — the only form shown to meaningfully raise brain magnesium.
Krill Oil
Phospholipid-bound EPA/DHA from Antarctic krill — includes astaxanthin antioxidant.
NMN (Nicotinamide Mononucleotide)
Direct NAD+ precursor — popular longevity supplement with growing human data.
Kanna (Sceletium)
South African succulent acting as SSRI + PDE4 inhibitor for mood and stress.
L-Tyrosine (Dopamine Replenishment)
Catecholamine precursor — replenishes dopamine/norepinephrine pools after stimulant use.
Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)
FAD/FMN precursor central to redox reactions and migraine prophylaxis.
L-Tyrosine
Catecholamine precursor preserving cognition under stress and sleep deprivation.
Lemon Balm
Mild anxiolytic with cognitive calming effects via GABA-T inhibition.
Schisandra
Adaptogenic berry traditionally used for stamina, liver protection, and stress resilience.
Cordyceps
Medicinal fungus studied for aerobic capacity and immune modulation.
Piracetam
Original racetam; modulates AMPA receptors and membrane fluidity. Rx in many countries.
Alpha-GPC (Cholinergic Recovery)
Choline source — supports acetylcholine after stimulant-driven depletion.
L-Tyrosine (Thyroid Substrate)
Amino acid substrate paired with iodine to form thyroid hormones.
Panax Ginseng (Sexual Health)
Korean red ginseng with RCT-level evidence for erectile dysfunction.
Huperzine A
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor from club moss — potent cholinergic enhancer.
Uridine Monophosphate
Pyrimidine nucleoside — supports phosphatidylcholine synthesis and dopamine receptor density.
Adenosylcobalamin (B12)
Mitochondrial coenzyme form of B12 — partners with methylcobalamin for full B12 status.
Riboflavin-5-Phosphate
Active form of B2 — used directly as FMN without liver conversion.
Benfotiamine
Lipid-soluble thiamine derivative with superior tissue penetration — used in diabetic neuropathy.
Iron Bisglycinate
Chelated ferrous iron — best-tolerated form with high absorption and minimal GI distress.
Sulbutiamine
Lipid-soluble thiamine derivative crossing the BBB for fatigue and focus.
Vinpocetine
Periwinkle alkaloid that increases cerebral blood flow.
Bifidobacterium longum 1714
Psychobiotic strain shown to reduce stress and improve memory.
Yerba Mate (Weight)
Polyphenol-caffeine extract used for appetite and energy.
P-Synephrine (Bitter Orange)
Bitter orange alkaloid used as ephedrine-replacement fat burner.
Cordyceps CS-4
Standardized cultivated cordyceps for kidney and energy support.
Schisandra (Adaptogen)
Berry adaptogen for stress, focus, and liver protection.
Lemon Balm (Stress)
Melissa officinalis for acute stress and cognitive performance.
Spermidine (Wheat Germ)
Polyamine that induces autophagy and may extend lifespan.
Creatine (Cognitive Dose)
Higher-dose creatine for cognitive performance under stress.
Citicoline (Cognition)
Intermediate in phosphatidylcholine synthesis; boosts focus.
Uridine Monophosphate
Pyrimidine that supports synaptic membrane synthesis.
Phosphatidylcholine (PC)
Major brain and hepatic phospholipid often given for liver support.
5-HTP (Mood Dose)
Serotonin precursor used for mild depression and migraine.
Rosemary (Cognitive)
Rosmarinus officinalis for memory and mood via inhalation or oral.
Yerba Mate (Focus)
Polyphenolic stimulant alternative to coffee for focus.
Panax Ginseng (Cognitive)
Asian ginseng (G115) studied for mental performance.
Rhodiola SHR-5 (Fatigue)
Adaptogen for stress-related fatigue and burnout.
Shilajit (Fulvic-Standardized)
Himalayan mineral pitch with fulvic acids studied for testosterone.
Butterbur
Petasites hybridus extract for migraine prophylaxis and allergic rhinitis.
Bacopa CDRI-08
Standardized Bacopa monnieri extract for memory.
Selank
Russian anxiolytic peptide based on tuftsin.
Semax
Russian nootropic ACTH analog for cognitive enhancement.
MCT C8 (Caprylic Acid)
Pure C8 medium-chain triglyceride for ketone production.
Mucuna Pruriens
Velvet bean providing natural L-DOPA.
PQQ (Pyrroloquinoline Quinone)
Redox cofactor for mitochondrial biogenesis.
Ergothioneine (Mushroom-Derived)
Natural ergothioneine from oyster mushrooms.
L-Phenylalanine
Precursor to tyrosine and catecholamines.
Theracurmin
Nano-particle curcumin for bioavailability.
Luteolin
Flavone with anti-inflammatory effects.
Cordyceps Militaris
Cordycepin-rich mushroom for energy and exercise.
Rhodiola SHR-5
Standardized Rhodiola for fatigue.
Suma Root
Brazilian ginseng adaptogen.
Black Maca
Lepidium meyenii black variant for energy.
Lion's Mane Erinacines
Hericium erinaceus mycelium for NGF.
Lion's Mane Fruiting Body
Hericinones-rich beta-glucan source.
CDP-Choline (Citicoline)
Phospholipid precursor for cognition.
Soy Lecithin
Phosphatidylcholine source.
Phosphatidylcholine
Membrane phospholipid for liver.
Suntheanine
Pharmaceutical-grade L-theanine.
Picamilon
Niacin-GABA conjugate.
Aniracetam
Fat-soluble racetam.
Oxiracetam
Racetam for cognition.
Allithiamine
Garlic-derived fat-soluble thiamine.
Folinic Acid (Leucovorin)
Reduced folate form.
Methylcobalamin High-Dose
Active B12 form for neuropathy.
CDP-Choline (Citicoline)-Stroke
Acute stroke neuroprotection.
Noopept (GVS-111)
Russian dipeptide nootropic.
DMAE (Dimethylaminoethanol)
Choline analog for cognition.
Pyritinol
Pyridoxine derivative for cognition.
Galantamine (Plant-Derived)
Snowdrop alkaloid AChE inhibitor.
Ginkgo Biloba EGb 761
Standardized Ginkgo for cognition.
Biotin (High-Dose)
High-dose for MS and hair.
Enzogenol
New Zealand pine bark extract.
Pycnogenol (Pine Bark)
French maritime pine bark for circulation.
Royal Jelly
Queen bee secretion with 10-HDA.
Bee Pollen
Pollen collected by bees.
GOS (Galactooligosaccharides)
Galactose-based prebiotic.
6-Shogaol (Ginger)
Bioactive ginger compound.
Turmeric Essential Oil
Ar-turmerone for brain regeneration.
Longvida Curcumin
SLCP curcumin for brain bioavailability.
Lemon Balm Melissa Officinalis (Bluenesse)
Standardized Melissa for cognition.
Heme Iron Polypeptide
Heme iron from bovine blood.
DHA-Dominant Fish Oil
High-DHA for brain health.
Algae Omega-3
Vegan EPA/DHA source.
Salmon Roe Phospholipids
Phospholipid omega-3s from salmon eggs.
Lion's Mane
Edible medicinal mushroom that upregulates NGF and BDNF — studied for nerve growth and cognition.
Eleuthero
Adaptogen used to support stamina, immune function, and stress resilience.
Cistanche Tubulosa
Desert plant tonic for libido and cognition.
Magnesium Malate
Magnesium + malic acid — favored for daytime energy and fibromyalgia-related fatigue.
Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic acid)
Component of coenzyme A, central to fatty acid and acetylcholine synthesis.
Lithium Orotate (low-dose)
Low-dose lithium salt studied for mood stability and neuroprotection.
Yerba Mate
South American caffeine-containing tea with saponin and chlorogenic acid content.
Pregnenolone
Master steroid precursor; small doses studied for cognition and PTSD.
Noopept
Synthetic dipeptide (peptide-like) studied for cognition and neuroprotection; not FDA approved.
PQQ
Cofactor stimulating mitochondrial biogenesis (PGC-1α).
Kratom (caution)
Atypical opioid herb with stimulant low-dose and sedating high-dose effects; addiction risk.
Magnesium L-Threonate
Mg form designed for brain penetration; studied for cognition and sleep.
Lion's Mane (Neuroregeneration)
NGF-upregulating mushroom — included in post-use stacks for neurotrophic support.
L-Ornithine
Urea-cycle amino acid that lowers fatigue and supports nighttime GH release.
Pramiracetam
Racetam family — increases high-affinity choline uptake.
Phenylpiracetam
Racetam + phenethylamine moiety — stimulant-like nootropic with rapid tolerance.
PQQ (Pyrroloquinoline Quinone)
Mitochondrial biogenesis cofactor — pairs with CoQ10 for energy production.
Agmatine Sulfate
Arginine metabolite with NMDA modulation and analgesic properties.
9-Me-BC
β-carboline alkaloid that upregulates dopamine neurons in animal models.
Centrophenoxine
Cholinergic precursor that reduces lipofuscin accumulation in neurons.
Phenylpiracetam Hydrazide
Hydrazide analog of phenylpiracetam reported to support memory and locomotion.
Coluracetam
Racetam acting on high-affinity choline uptake; studied for depression/anxiety.
Fisetin (Senolytic)
Polyphenol senolytic with neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects.
Ergothioneine (Extra)
Unique thiol antioxidant concentrated in mitochondria via OCTN1.
Noopept (High-Dose)
Russian dipeptide claimed to enhance BDNF and NGF.
Magnesium Acetyl-Taurate
Brain-penetrant Mg form combined with taurate for mood.