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Butterbur

Petasites hybridus extract for migraine prophylaxis and allergic rhinitis.

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Overview

Petasites hybridus extract for migraine prophylaxis and allergic rhinitis.

Natural sources
  • Whole dried plant material (root, leaf, flower, or aerial parts depending on the species)
  • Standardized hydroethanolic or aqueous extract (capsule, tincture, or tea)
  • Powdered traditional preparation used in Ayurvedic, TCM, or Western herbal practice
Common forms
  • Standardized extract capsule
  • Liquid tincture (alcohol or glycerin)
  • Powdered whole herb
  • Traditional decoction or tea

Mechanism of action

Inhibits leukotriene synthesis and calcium channels in vascular smooth muscle.

Pathways
  • · Inhibits leukotriene synthesis
  • · calcium channels in vascular smooth muscle

Effects on the body

Decreases
migraine frequency

Organ system effects

Brain & CNS

Butterbur acts on central nervous system targets implicated in attention, memory, and neuroprotection.

Immune System

Butterbur modulates innate and adaptive immune responses, including cytokine signaling and barrier function.

Evidence-based benefits

Reduces migraine frequency

Moderate evidence

Potential side effects

Common
  • · GI upset
  • · Belching
Rare
    Serious

      Drug interactions

      Prescription medications (general)
      Always disclose Butterbur use to your prescriber — additive, antagonistic, or pharmacokinetic interactions are possible.
      minor

      Safety & non-supplemental interactions

      Educational summary — always confirm with your clinician or pharmacist before starting, stopping, or combining with prescription therapy.

      Avoid if you are
      • ·Pregnant or breastfeeding (insufficient safety data)
      • ·Children under 18 (unless directed by a clinician)
      Avoid with these conditions
      • ·Autoimmune disease (theoretical immune activation)
      Avoid / monitor with these medications
      • ·Immunosuppressants

      Supplement interactions

      Pairs well with
      • Omega-3 (EPA/DHA)
        Membrane fluidity and neuronal signaling support.
      • Alpha-GPC or CDP-choline
        Provides choline substrate for acetylcholine synthesis.
      • Vitamin D3 + K2
        Foundational immune modulation.
      Avoid combining with

      No specific avoidances listed.

      Dosing & bioavailability

      Typical dose
      75 mg twice daily PA-free extract
      Best form
      Most evidence is based on the standardized extract capsule form.
      Timing
      Consistent daily timing recommended; split larger doses if GI tolerance is a concern.
      With food?
      Either with or without food.

      Where to buy

      Affiliate links — we may earn a commission at no extra cost to you. Amazon code supplementsch-20 is auto-applied at checkout. We don't endorse specific brands; verify third-party testing (USP, NSF, Informed Sport) before purchase.

      Scientific evidence8Show studies
      RCTNeurology · 2004

      Migraine prevention with Petasites

      Lipton RB, et al.

      245 migraine patients on 75 mg BID Petasites

      Key findings

      45% reduction in migraine frequency vs placebo.

      Open study
      Systematic reviewPubMed (NLM) · 1970

      PubMed: Butterbur — Reduces migraine frequency

      Live PubMed search

      Live results for "Butterbur Reduces migraine frequency" across the PubMed/MEDLINE peer-reviewed index.

      Key findings

      Opens current human and preclinical literature matching Butterbur and "Reduces migraine frequency". Filter by RCT, meta-analysis, or year on the results page.

      Open study
      Systematic reviewPubMed (NLM) · 1970

      PubMed: Butterbur — randomized controlled trial

      Live PubMed search

      Live results for "Butterbur randomized controlled trial" across the PubMed/MEDLINE peer-reviewed index.

      Key findings

      Opens current human and preclinical literature matching Butterbur and "randomized controlled trial". Filter by RCT, meta-analysis, or year on the results page.

      Open study
      Systematic reviewPubMed (NLM) · 1970

      PubMed: Butterbur — meta-analysis

      Live PubMed search

      Live results for "Butterbur meta-analysis" across the PubMed/MEDLINE peer-reviewed index.

      Key findings

      Opens current human and preclinical literature matching Butterbur and "meta-analysis". Filter by RCT, meta-analysis, or year on the results page.

      Open study
      Systematic reviewPubMed (NLM) · 1970

      PubMed: Butterbur — pharmacokinetics

      Live PubMed search

      Live results for "Butterbur pharmacokinetics" across the PubMed/MEDLINE peer-reviewed index.

      Key findings

      Opens current human and preclinical literature matching Butterbur and "pharmacokinetics". Filter by RCT, meta-analysis, or year on the results page.

      Open study
      Systematic reviewPubMed (NLM) · 1970

      PubMed: Butterbur — safety adverse events

      Live PubMed search

      Live results for "Butterbur safety adverse events" across the PubMed/MEDLINE peer-reviewed index.

      Key findings

      Opens current human and preclinical literature matching Butterbur and "safety adverse events". Filter by RCT, meta-analysis, or year on the results page.

      Open study
      Systematic reviewPubMed (NLM) · 1970

      PubMed: Butterbur — dose response

      Live PubMed search

      Live results for "Butterbur dose response" across the PubMed/MEDLINE peer-reviewed index.

      Key findings

      Opens current human and preclinical literature matching Butterbur and "dose response". Filter by RCT, meta-analysis, or year on the results page.

      Open study
      Systematic reviewGoogle Scholar · 1970

      Google Scholar: Butterbur — clinical evidence

      Live Scholar search

      Cross-database citation index for Butterbur as it relates to "clinical evidence".

      Key findings

      Includes preprints, theses, and journal articles. Useful for tracking citation counts and follow-on work.

      Open study
      Educational use only. This profile is not medical advice. Consult a qualified healthcare professional before starting any supplement, especially if you take prescription medication or have a chronic condition.

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