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evidence · mechanism · dose
Supplements/Compound

PQQ (Pyrroloquinoline Quinone)

Redox cofactor for mitochondrial biogenesis.

Energy ProductionHealthy Aging

Overview

Redox cofactor for mitochondrial biogenesis.

Natural sources
    Common forms

      Mechanism of action

      Activates PGC-1α and CREB; mitochondrial biogenesis.

      Pathways

        Effects on the body

        Organ system effects

        Evidence-based benefits

        Reduces fatigue

        Moderate evidence

        Potential side effects

        Common
        • · Headache at high dose
        Rare
          Serious

            Drug interactions

            No notable interactions reported.

            Supplement interactions

            Pairs well with

            None listed.

            Avoid combining with

            No specific avoidances listed.

            Dosing & bioavailability

            Typical dose
            10–20 mg

            Where to buy

            Affiliate-style search links to reputable retailers. We don't endorse specific brands — verify third-party testing (USP, NSF, Informed Sport) before purchase.

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            Thorne
            Practitioner-grade · NSF tested

            Scientific evidence (8)

            RCTFood Style · 2012

            PQQ on stress and fatigue

            Nakano M, et al.

            17 adults

            Key findings

            Improved sleep, fatigue, and mood scores.

            Open study
            Systematic reviewPubMed (NLM) · 1970

            PubMed: PQQ (Pyrroloquinoline Quinone) — Reduces fatigue

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            Live results for "PQQ (Pyrroloquinoline Quinone) Reduces fatigue" across the PubMed/MEDLINE peer-reviewed index.

            Key findings

            Opens current human and preclinical literature matching PQQ (Pyrroloquinoline Quinone) and "Reduces fatigue". Filter by RCT, meta-analysis, or year on the results page.

            Open study
            Systematic reviewPubMed (NLM) · 1970

            PubMed: PQQ (Pyrroloquinoline Quinone) — randomized controlled trial

            Live PubMed search

            Live results for "PQQ (Pyrroloquinoline Quinone) randomized controlled trial" across the PubMed/MEDLINE peer-reviewed index.

            Key findings

            Opens current human and preclinical literature matching PQQ (Pyrroloquinoline Quinone) and "randomized controlled trial". Filter by RCT, meta-analysis, or year on the results page.

            Open study
            Systematic reviewPubMed (NLM) · 1970

            PubMed: PQQ (Pyrroloquinoline Quinone) — meta-analysis

            Live PubMed search

            Live results for "PQQ (Pyrroloquinoline Quinone) meta-analysis" across the PubMed/MEDLINE peer-reviewed index.

            Key findings

            Opens current human and preclinical literature matching PQQ (Pyrroloquinoline Quinone) and "meta-analysis". Filter by RCT, meta-analysis, or year on the results page.

            Open study
            Systematic reviewPubMed (NLM) · 1970

            PubMed: PQQ (Pyrroloquinoline Quinone) — pharmacokinetics

            Live PubMed search

            Live results for "PQQ (Pyrroloquinoline Quinone) pharmacokinetics" across the PubMed/MEDLINE peer-reviewed index.

            Key findings

            Opens current human and preclinical literature matching PQQ (Pyrroloquinoline Quinone) and "pharmacokinetics". Filter by RCT, meta-analysis, or year on the results page.

            Open study
            Systematic reviewPubMed (NLM) · 1970

            PubMed: PQQ (Pyrroloquinoline Quinone) — safety adverse events

            Live PubMed search

            Live results for "PQQ (Pyrroloquinoline Quinone) safety adverse events" across the PubMed/MEDLINE peer-reviewed index.

            Key findings

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            Open study
            Systematic reviewPubMed (NLM) · 1970

            PubMed: PQQ (Pyrroloquinoline Quinone) — dose response

            Live PubMed search

            Live results for "PQQ (Pyrroloquinoline Quinone) dose response" across the PubMed/MEDLINE peer-reviewed index.

            Key findings

            Opens current human and preclinical literature matching PQQ (Pyrroloquinoline Quinone) and "dose response". Filter by RCT, meta-analysis, or year on the results page.

            Open study
            Systematic reviewGoogle Scholar · 1970

            Google Scholar: PQQ (Pyrroloquinoline Quinone) — clinical evidence

            Live Scholar search

            Cross-database citation index for PQQ (Pyrroloquinoline Quinone) as it relates to "clinical evidence".

            Key findings

            Includes preprints, theses, and journal articles. Useful for tracking citation counts and follow-on work.

            Open study
            Educational use only. This profile is not medical advice. Consult a qualified healthcare professional before starting any supplement, especially if you take prescription medication or have a chronic condition.