Peptides
Mostly preclinical or prescription-only. Human data is thin for many of these, and several are not legal to sell as supplements. Read them as research summaries, not buying guides.
Follistatin-344
Natural myostatin-binding protein that releases the brake on muscle hypertrophy.
IGF-1 DES
Short-acting IGF-1 analog with high local anabolic potency at injection sites.
IGF-1 LR3
Long-acting IGF-1 analog that resists IGFBP binding for sustained anabolic signaling.
MGF
Splice variant of IGF-1 produced after mechanical load that activates muscle stem cells.
KPV
C-terminal tripeptide of alpha-MSH with anti-inflammatory effects in gut and skin.
LL-37
The body's endogenous antimicrobial peptide, with immunomodulatory and wound-healing roles.
N-Acetyl Selank
Acetylated Selank variant with extended anxiolytic and immunomodulatory activity.
Cortagen
Four-amino-acid Khavinson bioregulator proposed to support brain tissue; evidence is mostly Russian animal research.
Pinealon
Russian pineal-derived tripeptide bioregulator studied for neuroprotection and cognitive aging.
Vesugen
Three-amino-acid Khavinson bioregulator marketed for blood-vessel health; evidence is limited to small, mostly Russian studies.
Vilon
Two-amino-acid "bioregulator" from the Khavinson school, studied mainly in Russian animal and cell work on the thymus and immunity.
Abaloparatide
PTHrP analog injection that builds bone in osteoporosis.
Teriparatide
The first 34 amino acids of parathyroid hormone; a daily injection that builds new bone in severe osteoporosis.
Argireline
Topical hexapeptide marketed as a 'Botox-like' expression-line softener.
Matrixyl 3000
Topical peptide blend that signals fibroblasts to produce collagen and ECM proteins.
SNAP-8
Extended SNAP-25 mimetic used in anti-wrinkle topical formulations.
Macimorelin
Oral ghrelin agonist used as a diagnostic test for adult GH deficiency.
Adipotide
Pro-apoptotic peptide that targets the vasculature of white adipose tissue in preclinical work.
AOD-9604
A fragment of human growth hormone studied for fat-burning effects without the broader anabolic actions of HGH.
GHRP-2
Second-generation ghrelin mimetic that drives pulsatile pituitary GH release.
GHRP-6
First-generation ghrelin mimetic that produces a strong appetite signal alongside GH release.
Hexarelin
Potent GHRP with extra cardioprotective signaling via the CD36 receptor.
MK-677
Orally active ghrelin mimetic that produces sustained GH and IGF-1 elevation.
Modified GRF(1-29)
Short-acting GHRH analog without the DAC linker, producing pulsatile GH release.
Anamorelin
Oral ghrelin agonist developed for cancer-related cachexia and appetite loss.
Relamorelin
Ghrelin receptor agonist studied for diabetic gastroparesis and motility disorders.
Leuprolide
Long-acting GnRH agonist used in prostate cancer, endometriosis, and precocious puberty.
Nafarelin
Intranasal GnRH agonist used in endometriosis and central precocious puberty.
Cetrorelix
GnRH receptor antagonist used to prevent premature ovulation in IVF cycles.
Ganirelix
Another GnRH antagonist used to suppress the LH surge in assisted reproduction.
CJC-1295 (no DAC)
A modified GHRH analog that amplifies natural growth-hormone pulses without sustained suprapulse elevation.
Ipamorelin
A selective growth-hormone-releasing peptide that produces clean GH pulses without major cortisol or prolactin spikes.
Sermorelin
A 29-amino-acid GHRH analog historically used in pediatric GH-deficiency evaluation and adult anti-aging protocols.
Tesamorelin
A long-acting GHRH analog originally approved for HIV-associated lipodystrophy and visceral fat reduction.
Larazotide
Tight-junction regulator studied as an adjunct in celiac disease and intestinal permeability.
BPC-157
A synthetic pentadecapeptide derived from a protective protein in human gastric juice, studied across many tissue-repair models.
Pentadeca Arginate (PDA)
A BPC-157-derived peptide marketed as a more stable alternative. It has almost no published research of its own.
TB-500
A synthetic fragment of thymosin beta-4 studied for systemic tissue regeneration, vascular growth, and wound closure.
Thymosin Beta-4
Full-length actin-sequestering peptide central to wound healing and angiogenesis — TB-500 is its derivative.
Thymosin Alpha-1
A 28-amino-acid peptide fragment of prothymosin alpha used in some countries as an immune modulator.
Aviptadil (VIP)
Synthetic form of vasoactive intestinal peptide, a 28-amino-acid neuropeptide that relaxes smooth muscle and calms inflammation.
Thymalin
Polypeptide thymic extract studied for immune restoration in aging and chronic infection.
Thymogen
Thymus-derived dipeptide bioregulator used as an immune modulator.
Epitalon
A short tetrapeptide studied in Russia for telomerase activation, sleep regulation, and pineal-gland function.
FOXO4-DRI
Experimental peptide designed to make senescent ("zombie") cells self-destruct by blocking FOXO4 from binding p53.
Melanotan I
α-MSH analog approved for erythropoietic protoporphyria to promote photoprotective pigmentation.
Cagrilintide
Long-acting amylin analog studied in combination with semaglutide for weight loss.
Pramlintide
Synthetic amylin analog taken with mealtime insulin to blunt blood-sugar spikes after meals.
HGH Fragment 176-191
C-terminal GH fragment retaining lipolytic activity without GH or IGF-1 effects.
Dulaglutide
Weekly GLP-1 receptor agonist for type 2 diabetes with proven cardiovascular benefit.
Exenatide
The first approved GLP-1 receptor agonist, originally found in Gila monster saliva; lowers blood sugar and modestly reduces weight.
Liraglutide
Daily GLP-1 receptor agonist with a shorter half-life than semaglutide.
Retatrutide
Investigational triple agonist of GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon receptors with the largest weight-loss signal to date.
Semaglutide
Long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist used for weight loss and glycemic control.
Tirzepatide
Dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist with stronger weight-loss effects than GLP-1 alone.
Mazdutide
Once-weekly GLP-1 and glucagon dual agonist for weight loss, approved in China in 2025.
Survodutide
Dual GLP-1 / glucagon receptor agonist studied for obesity and MASH.
Setmelanotide
MC4 receptor agonist approved for rare genetic forms of obesity.
MOTS-c
A mitochondrial-derived peptide that signals systemic metabolic regulation, insulin sensitivity, and exercise capacity.
Humanin
Mitochondrial-derived peptide with cytoprotective and metabolic signaling roles.
SS-31
Mitochondria-targeted peptide that binds cardiolipin to preserve electron-transport efficiency.
Octreotide
Long-acting somatostatin analog that suppresses growth hormone and gut hormones.
Oxytocin
Nine-amino-acid hypothalamic hormone that drives labor contractions and milk let-down; the nasal spray is studied for social behavior.
ARA-290 (Cibinetide)
11-amino-acid peptide derived from erythropoietin that targets tissue repair without raising red blood cell counts.
Cerebrolysin
Porcine brain-derived peptide mixture studied in stroke, TBI, and neurodegeneration.
P21
CNTF-derived peptide reported to promote neurogenesis in preclinical work.
N-Acetyl Semax
Acetylated Semax variant with extended half-life and stronger BDNF effects.
Semax
A Russian-developed heptapeptide derived from ACTH studied for focus, neuroprotection, and stroke recovery.
Selank
A Russian-developed heptapeptide studied for anxiolytic and cognitive-enhancing effects without sedation.
PE-22-28
Seven-amino-acid spadin analog that blocks the TREK-1 potassium channel; fast antidepressant-like effects in mice.
Dihexa
Oral angiotensin IV analog with potent synaptogenic effects in preclinical models.
Melanotan II
A non-selective melanocortin agonist studied for tanning and libido effects — with a notable side-effect profile.
Gonadorelin
Synthetic native GnRH used to drive pulsatile pituitary LH/FSH release.
Kisspeptin-10
Decapeptide fragment of kisspeptin that drives GnRH release and gates the reproductive axis.
Triptorelin
Long-acting GnRH agonist used to drive a large LH/FSH burst or, with sustained use, suppress them.
PT-141
A melanocortin-receptor agonist studied (and approved in some regions) for sexual dysfunction in both men and women.
GHK-Cu
A naturally occurring copper-binding tripeptide studied for skin remodeling, hair growth, and wound healing.
DSIP
Nonapeptide originally isolated from sleeping rabbit brain, studied for sleep architecture and HPA stabilization.