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Vitamin

Folate (Vitamin B9)

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Folate (Vitamin B9). One-carbon donor essential for DNA synthesis and neural tube development.

How it works. Provides methyl groups for DNA synthesis, homocysteine remethylation, and monoamine synthesis.

What the research supports. 2 graded claims. Strongest: Prevents neural tube defects (preconception) (strong).

How much to take. Typical dose: 400–800 mcg DFE.

Side effects and interactions. 2 medication interactions listed. Serious: Masks B12 deficiency.

Stacking. Pairs well with A high-quality multivitamin, Omega-3 (EPA/DHA).

Forms. 1 forms. Pick one to open its profile.

Key studies. 9 studies cited. The strongest are listed with links to PubMed.

Community. Experiences from people who have tried Folate (Vitamin B9). Anecdotes are not medical advice.

Folate (Vitamin B9). One-carbon donor essential for DNA synthesis and neural tube development.

Molecular structureC19H19N7O6 · 441.4 g/mol

What it is

One-carbon donor essential for DNA synthesis and neural tube development.

Also called

Folic acid5-MTHFL-methylfolate

Food sources

Leafy greensLegumesLiver

Goals

How it works

Provides methyl groups for DNA synthesis, homocysteine remethylation, and monoamine synthesis.

Pathways

  • One-carbon metabolism
  • Methylation cycle

Effects

  • ↓Homocysteine decreases
  • +Erythropoiesis supports

What the research supports

Prevents neural tube defects (preconception)strong
Augments SSRIs in depression (L-methylfolate)moderate

Strong: consistent results across large trials or meta-analyses. Moderate: several trials, mostly positive. Limited: small or mixed studies. Preclinical: animal or cell research only.

Typical dose
400–800 mcg DFE
TimingConsistent daily timing recommended; split larger doses if GI tolerance is a concern.
With foodWith a meal containing fat for fat-soluble compounds; otherwise either.
Best form5-MTHF if MTHFR variant
Upper limit1,000 mcg synthetic
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Side effects & interactions

Serious

  • Masks B12 deficiency

Medication interactions

Methotrexatemoderate

Folic acid mitigates toxicity but reduces efficacy in cancer.

Antiseizure drugsmoderate

Lower folate.

Check any supplement–medication combination with your pharmacist before starting.

Combines with

Pairs well

  • A high-quality multivitaminCovers micronutrient cofactors that support most supplement pathways.
  • Omega-3 (EPA/DHA)Foundational anti-inflammatory support that complements most regimens.

Key studies

9 studies cited in total.

PubMed: Folate (Vitamin B9) — Prevents neural tube defects ↗
Systematic review · PubMed (NLM) · 2026

Opens current human and preclinical literature matching Folate (Vitamin B9) and "Prevents neural tube defects". Filter by RCT, meta-analysis, or year on the results page.

PubMed: Folate (Vitamin B9) — Augments SSRIs in depression ↗
Systematic review · PubMed (NLM) · 2026

Opens current human and preclinical literature matching Folate (Vitamin B9) and "Augments SSRIs in depression". Filter by RCT, meta-analysis, or year on the results page.

PubMed: Folate (Vitamin B9) — randomized controlled trial ↗
Systematic review · PubMed (NLM) · 2026

Opens current human and preclinical literature matching Folate (Vitamin B9) and "randomized controlled trial". Filter by RCT, meta-analysis, or year on the results page.

Discussion

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