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Supplements/Compound

Astaxanthin

aka Haematococcus pluvialis

Algal carotenoid that is the strongest membrane antioxidant; UV and eye protection.

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Overview

Algal carotenoid that is the strongest membrane antioxidant; UV and eye protection.

Natural sources
  • Haematococcus pluvialis
  • Salmon
  • Krill
Common forms
  • Natural astaxanthin

Mechanism of action

Inserts into cell membranes spanning both lipid layers; quenches singlet oxygen.

Pathways
  • · Membrane antioxidant

Effects on the body

Decreases
Oxidative damage
Supports
Skin elasticity

Organ system effects

Skin

Reduces UV-induced erythema.

Eye

Reduces eye fatigue.

Evidence-based benefits

Reduces UV-induced skin damage

Moderate evidence

Reduces eye fatigue

Moderate evidence

Potential side effects

Common
  • · Astaxanthin is generally well-tolerated at evidence-based doses
  • · Mild GI discomfort (nausea, loose stools, or bloating) possible at higher intakes
  • · Headache or transient fatigue reported by a small fraction of users
Rare
  • · Allergic or hypersensitivity reaction (rash, itching, swelling)
  • · Sleep disturbance if taken late in the day
Serious
  • · Discontinue and seek medical advice if symptoms are severe, persistent, or include difficulty breathing

Drug interactions

5α-reductase inhibitors
Theoretical additive effects.
minor

Supplement interactions

Pairs well with
  • Collagen peptides
    Provides amino acid substrate for connective tissue synthesis.
  • Vitamin C
    Required cofactor for collagen hydroxylation.
  • NAD+ precursor (NMN or NR)
    Complementary mitochondrial and sirtuin support.
Avoid combining with

No specific avoidances listed.

Dosing & bioavailability

Typical dose
4–12 mg/d with fat
Best form
Most evidence is based on the natural astaxanthin form.
Timing
Consistent daily timing recommended; split larger doses if GI tolerance is a concern.
With food?
With a meal containing fat for fat-soluble compounds; otherwise either.

Where to buy

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Scientific evidence9Show studies
Systematic reviewOsteoarthritis Cartilage · 2011

MSM for osteoarthritis pain

Brien S, et al.

Review of MSM RCTs in OA.

Key findings

Reduced pain and improved physical function at 3–6 g/d.

Open study
Systematic reviewPubMed (NLM) · 1970

PubMed: Astaxanthin — Reduces UV-induced skin damage

Live PubMed search

Live results for "Astaxanthin Reduces UV-induced skin damage" across the PubMed/MEDLINE peer-reviewed index.

Key findings

Opens current human and preclinical literature matching Astaxanthin and "Reduces UV-induced skin damage". Filter by RCT, meta-analysis, or year on the results page.

Open study
Systematic reviewPubMed (NLM) · 1970

PubMed: Astaxanthin — Reduces eye fatigue

Live PubMed search

Live results for "Astaxanthin Reduces eye fatigue" across the PubMed/MEDLINE peer-reviewed index.

Key findings

Opens current human and preclinical literature matching Astaxanthin and "Reduces eye fatigue". Filter by RCT, meta-analysis, or year on the results page.

Open study
Systematic reviewPubMed (NLM) · 1970

PubMed: Astaxanthin — randomized controlled trial

Live PubMed search

Live results for "Astaxanthin randomized controlled trial" across the PubMed/MEDLINE peer-reviewed index.

Key findings

Opens current human and preclinical literature matching Astaxanthin and "randomized controlled trial". Filter by RCT, meta-analysis, or year on the results page.

Open study
Systematic reviewPubMed (NLM) · 1970

PubMed: Astaxanthin — meta-analysis

Live PubMed search

Live results for "Astaxanthin meta-analysis" across the PubMed/MEDLINE peer-reviewed index.

Key findings

Opens current human and preclinical literature matching Astaxanthin and "meta-analysis". Filter by RCT, meta-analysis, or year on the results page.

Open study
Systematic reviewPubMed (NLM) · 1970

PubMed: Astaxanthin — pharmacokinetics

Live PubMed search

Live results for "Astaxanthin pharmacokinetics" across the PubMed/MEDLINE peer-reviewed index.

Key findings

Opens current human and preclinical literature matching Astaxanthin and "pharmacokinetics". Filter by RCT, meta-analysis, or year on the results page.

Open study
Systematic reviewPubMed (NLM) · 1970

PubMed: Astaxanthin — safety adverse events

Live PubMed search

Live results for "Astaxanthin safety adverse events" across the PubMed/MEDLINE peer-reviewed index.

Key findings

Opens current human and preclinical literature matching Astaxanthin and "safety adverse events". Filter by RCT, meta-analysis, or year on the results page.

Open study
Systematic reviewPubMed (NLM) · 1970

PubMed: Astaxanthin — dose response

Live PubMed search

Live results for "Astaxanthin dose response" across the PubMed/MEDLINE peer-reviewed index.

Key findings

Opens current human and preclinical literature matching Astaxanthin and "dose response". Filter by RCT, meta-analysis, or year on the results page.

Open study
Systematic reviewGoogle Scholar · 1970

Google Scholar: Astaxanthin — clinical evidence

Live Scholar search

Cross-database citation index for Astaxanthin as it relates to "clinical evidence".

Key findings

Includes preprints, theses, and journal articles. Useful for tracking citation counts and follow-on work.

Open study
Educational use only. This profile is not medical advice. Consult a qualified healthcare professional before starting any supplement, especially if you take prescription medication or have a chronic condition.

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