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evidence · mechanism · dose
Supplements/Herb

Echinacea Purpurea

Coneflower for upper respiratory infections.

Immune Function

Overview

Coneflower for upper respiratory infections.

Natural sources
    Common forms

      Mechanism of action

      Alkylamides activate CB2 receptors; immunomodulatory.

      Pathways

        Effects on the body

        Organ system effects

        Evidence-based benefits

        Reduces URTI severity

        Moderate evidence

        Potential side effects

        Common
        • · GI upset
        • · Rash
        Rare
          Serious

            Drug interactions

            No notable interactions reported.

            Safety & non-supplemental interactions

            Educational summary — always confirm with your clinician or pharmacist before starting, stopping, or combining with prescription therapy.

            Avoid if you are
            • ·Pregnant or breastfeeding (insufficient safety data)
            • ·Children under 18 (unless directed by a clinician)
            Avoid with these conditions
            • ·Autoimmune disease (theoretical immune activation)
            Avoid / monitor with these medications
            • ·Immunosuppressants

            Supplement interactions

            Pairs well with

            None listed.

            Avoid combining with

            No specific avoidances listed.

            Dosing & bioavailability

            Typical dose
            300 mg TID

            Where to buy

            Affiliate-style search links to reputable retailers. We don't endorse specific brands — verify third-party testing (USP, NSF, Informed Sport) before purchase.

            Herb
            Echinacea Pu…
            Amazon
            Wide selection · fast shipping
            Herb
            Echinacea Pu…
            iHerb
            Global delivery · curated brands
            Herb
            Echinacea Pu…
            Thorne
            Practitioner-grade · NSF tested

            Scientific evidence (8)

            Meta-analysisLancet Infect Dis · 2007

            Echinacea meta-analysis

            Shah SA, et al.

            14 trials

            Key findings

            Reduced URTI incidence 58%.

            Open study
            Systematic reviewPubMed (NLM) · 1970

            PubMed: Echinacea Purpurea — Reduces URTI severity

            Live PubMed search

            Live results for "Echinacea Purpurea Reduces URTI severity" across the PubMed/MEDLINE peer-reviewed index.

            Key findings

            Opens current human and preclinical literature matching Echinacea Purpurea and "Reduces URTI severity". Filter by RCT, meta-analysis, or year on the results page.

            Open study
            Systematic reviewPubMed (NLM) · 1970

            PubMed: Echinacea Purpurea — randomized controlled trial

            Live PubMed search

            Live results for "Echinacea Purpurea randomized controlled trial" across the PubMed/MEDLINE peer-reviewed index.

            Key findings

            Opens current human and preclinical literature matching Echinacea Purpurea and "randomized controlled trial". Filter by RCT, meta-analysis, or year on the results page.

            Open study
            Systematic reviewPubMed (NLM) · 1970

            PubMed: Echinacea Purpurea — meta-analysis

            Live PubMed search

            Live results for "Echinacea Purpurea meta-analysis" across the PubMed/MEDLINE peer-reviewed index.

            Key findings

            Opens current human and preclinical literature matching Echinacea Purpurea and "meta-analysis". Filter by RCT, meta-analysis, or year on the results page.

            Open study
            Systematic reviewPubMed (NLM) · 1970

            PubMed: Echinacea Purpurea — pharmacokinetics

            Live PubMed search

            Live results for "Echinacea Purpurea pharmacokinetics" across the PubMed/MEDLINE peer-reviewed index.

            Key findings

            Opens current human and preclinical literature matching Echinacea Purpurea and "pharmacokinetics". Filter by RCT, meta-analysis, or year on the results page.

            Open study
            Systematic reviewPubMed (NLM) · 1970

            PubMed: Echinacea Purpurea — safety adverse events

            Live PubMed search

            Live results for "Echinacea Purpurea safety adverse events" across the PubMed/MEDLINE peer-reviewed index.

            Key findings

            Opens current human and preclinical literature matching Echinacea Purpurea and "safety adverse events". Filter by RCT, meta-analysis, or year on the results page.

            Open study
            Systematic reviewPubMed (NLM) · 1970

            PubMed: Echinacea Purpurea — dose response

            Live PubMed search

            Live results for "Echinacea Purpurea dose response" across the PubMed/MEDLINE peer-reviewed index.

            Key findings

            Opens current human and preclinical literature matching Echinacea Purpurea and "dose response". Filter by RCT, meta-analysis, or year on the results page.

            Open study
            Systematic reviewGoogle Scholar · 1970

            Google Scholar: Echinacea Purpurea — clinical evidence

            Live Scholar search

            Cross-database citation index for Echinacea Purpurea as it relates to "clinical evidence".

            Key findings

            Includes preprints, theses, and journal articles. Useful for tracking citation counts and follow-on work.

            Open study
            Educational use only. This profile is not medical advice. Consult a qualified healthcare professional before starting any supplement, especially if you take prescription medication or have a chronic condition.