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Supplements/Compound

Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA)

Universal antioxidant that's both water and fat soluble — supports glycemic control and nerve health.

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Overview

Universal antioxidant that's both water and fat soluble — supports glycemic control and nerve health.

Natural sources
  • Endogenously produced or biosynthesized molecule
  • Standardized pharmaceutical- or food-grade supplement
  • Combined with cofactors that improve absorption or activity
Common forms
  • Capsule or softgel
  • Powder
  • Sublingual or buccal
  • Liposomal liquid

Mechanism of action

Recycles vit C, E, glutathione; cofactor for pyruvate dehydrogenase; AMPK activator.

Pathways
  • · Recycles vit C, E, glutathione
  • · cofactor for pyruvate dehydrogenase
  • · AMPK activator

Effects on the body

Decreases
diabetic neuropathy symptoms (IV>oral)
Supports
insulin sensitivity

Organ system effects

Brain & CNS

Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA) acts on hallmarks of aging including oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and senescence signaling.

Evidence-based benefits

Reduces diabetic neuropathy symptoms (IV>oral)

Moderate evidence

Improves insulin sensitivity

Moderate evidence

Potential side effects

Common
  • · Skin itch
  • · Mild hypoglycemia
Rare
  • · Insulin autoimmune syndrome (rare, Japan)
Serious

    Drug interactions

    Prescription medications (general)
    Always disclose Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA) use to your prescriber — additive, antagonistic, or pharmacokinetic interactions are possible.
    minor

    Safety & non-supplemental interactions

    Educational summary — always confirm with your clinician or pharmacist before starting, stopping, or combining with prescription therapy.

    Other notes
    • ·Discuss with a clinician if you have active liver disease or take hepatotoxic medications.

    Supplement interactions

    Pairs well with
    • NAD+ precursor (NMN or NR)
      Complementary mitochondrial and sirtuin support.
    • Omega-3
      Lowers inflammation and supports membrane integrity.
    Avoid combining with

    No specific avoidances listed.

    Dosing & bioavailability

    Typical dose
    300–600 mg
    Study range
    Up to 1800 mg (R-ALA preferred)
    Best form
    Most evidence is based on the capsule or softgel form.
    Timing
    Consistent daily timing recommended; split larger doses if GI tolerance is a concern.
    With food?
    Empty stomach

    Where to buy

    Affiliate links — we may earn a commission at no extra cost to you. Amazon code supplementsch-20 is auto-applied at checkout. We don't endorse specific brands; verify third-party testing (USP, NSF, Informed Sport) before purchase.

    Scientific evidence9Show studies
    RCTDiabetes Care · 2006

    ALA for diabetic peripheral neuropathy (SYDNEY 2)

    Ziegler D, et al.

    5-week RCT of oral ALA in diabetic neuropathy.

    Key findings

    Significant symptom improvement at 600 mg/d.

    Open study
    Systematic reviewPubMed (NLM) · 1970

    PubMed: Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA) — Reduces diabetic neuropathy symptoms

    Live PubMed search

    Live results for "Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA) Reduces diabetic neuropathy symptoms" across the PubMed/MEDLINE peer-reviewed index.

    Key findings

    Opens current human and preclinical literature matching Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA) and "Reduces diabetic neuropathy symptoms". Filter by RCT, meta-analysis, or year on the results page.

    Open study
    Systematic reviewPubMed (NLM) · 1970

    PubMed: Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA) — Improves insulin sensitivity

    Live PubMed search

    Live results for "Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA) Improves insulin sensitivity" across the PubMed/MEDLINE peer-reviewed index.

    Key findings

    Opens current human and preclinical literature matching Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA) and "Improves insulin sensitivity". Filter by RCT, meta-analysis, or year on the results page.

    Open study
    Systematic reviewPubMed (NLM) · 1970

    PubMed: Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA) — randomized controlled trial

    Live PubMed search

    Live results for "Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA) randomized controlled trial" across the PubMed/MEDLINE peer-reviewed index.

    Key findings

    Opens current human and preclinical literature matching Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA) and "randomized controlled trial". Filter by RCT, meta-analysis, or year on the results page.

    Open study
    Systematic reviewPubMed (NLM) · 1970

    PubMed: Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA) — meta-analysis

    Live PubMed search

    Live results for "Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA) meta-analysis" across the PubMed/MEDLINE peer-reviewed index.

    Key findings

    Opens current human and preclinical literature matching Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA) and "meta-analysis". Filter by RCT, meta-analysis, or year on the results page.

    Open study
    Systematic reviewPubMed (NLM) · 1970

    PubMed: Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA) — pharmacokinetics

    Live PubMed search

    Live results for "Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA) pharmacokinetics" across the PubMed/MEDLINE peer-reviewed index.

    Key findings

    Opens current human and preclinical literature matching Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA) and "pharmacokinetics". Filter by RCT, meta-analysis, or year on the results page.

    Open study
    Systematic reviewPubMed (NLM) · 1970

    PubMed: Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA) — safety adverse events

    Live PubMed search

    Live results for "Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA) safety adverse events" across the PubMed/MEDLINE peer-reviewed index.

    Key findings

    Opens current human and preclinical literature matching Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA) and "safety adverse events". Filter by RCT, meta-analysis, or year on the results page.

    Open study
    Systematic reviewPubMed (NLM) · 1970

    PubMed: Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA) — dose response

    Live PubMed search

    Live results for "Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA) dose response" across the PubMed/MEDLINE peer-reviewed index.

    Key findings

    Opens current human and preclinical literature matching Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA) and "dose response". Filter by RCT, meta-analysis, or year on the results page.

    Open study
    Systematic reviewGoogle Scholar · 1970

    Google Scholar: Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA) — clinical evidence

    Live Scholar search

    Cross-database citation index for Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA) as it relates to "clinical evidence".

    Key findings

    Includes preprints, theses, and journal articles. Useful for tracking citation counts and follow-on work.

    Open study
    Educational use only. This profile is not medical advice. Consult a qualified healthcare professional before starting any supplement, especially if you take prescription medication or have a chronic condition.

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